School of Medicine Students Journal
Volume:3 Issue: 2, Jun 2021

The outbreak of the novel SARS-COV-2 and its following complications has caused an almost unprecedented chaos throughout the world in recent years. Although a series of vaccines have been proposed recently in order to reduce the risk of mortality and mor-bidity of this disease, an ultimate and reliable cure has yet to be discovered. One of the major complications of Covid-19 is the outburst of a series of inflammatory responses in the respiratory system of the patients, which eventually causes a hypoxemic pneu-monitis and accounts for most of the Covid-19 patients’ mortality. It is suggested that a group of inflammatory cytokines such as different interleukins are responsible for this complication, therefore drugs which can influence this system may be useful in reducing this exaggerated inflammatory response which is dubbed the ‘cytokine storm’. In this article we review potential treatment options for reducing the inflammatory re-sponse and discuss some clinical trials and case reports related to the drugs interfering with responsible interleukins in order to quench the cytokine storm.

Surface expression of platelet markers enhanced during ischemic events and appear to play an important role in myocardial repair. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is one of these factors which its effects Mediated through CXCR4 and CXCR7 receptors. In our study we are going to determine the surface expressions of platelet markers and the changes of left ventricle ejection fraction in patients with coronary artery disease.

This descriptive cross-sectional study measured the superfi-cial expression of platelet indices (SDF-1R, CXCR4, and CXCR7) and its association with the changes of the left ventricle ejection fraction in patients with coronary artery disease who have referred to Taleghani Hospital, Tehran in 2017-2018.

Among all patients referred to Taleghani Hospital with symptoms of coronary artery disease, 57 patient had inclusion criteria. this study demonstrated that mean SDF1 and CXCR4 level were respectively 1.1 and 2.3 which there were significant difference between those with severe EF reduction comparing to the rest of the groups (respectively P<0.002 & P<0.004 ). The mean CXCR7 value of all patients was 3.5 (SD= 0.27) and showed a significant difference in patients with severe (6) and low (4.7) ejection fraction reductions compared to those with moderate (2.5) and normal (2.8) ejection fraction reductions (P<0.009).

Results from this study suggest that the level of surface expression of platelet markers (SDF-1, CXCR4, CXCR7) in patients with coronary artery disease who had severe LV dysfunction rise sharply compared to those with normal ejection fraction, and it can be, therefore, used as a factor to evaluate the level of damage caused by the coronary artery disease

 we aimed to evaluate the expression of HER2 marker in differentiated thyroid cancers and its correlation with tumor size and stage.

 this is a cross-sectional study that was performed at Tehran Shohada-E-Tajrish hospital from 2015 to 2019. Patients with differentiated thyroid cancer were enrolled in the study. Patients’ baseline characteristics and tumor properties were recorded. Expression of tumor marker testing was conducted with IHC. Analysis was performed with SPSS version 20.

 fifty cases of thyroid cancer with a mean age of 46.6 years (78% females) were evaluated. 86% of cases were PTC, 10% FTC, and 4% hurthle cell carcinoma. HER2 positivity rate was 34% totally. HER2 positivity in FTC and PTC patients was 40% and 34.9%, respectively. 84% of patients had a sporadic tumor. HER2 positivity rate in sporadic tumors was 28.6% and 62.5% in familial cases (p=0.063). HER2 status did not correlate with clinicopathologic factors, significantly.

 with the findings of our study, HER2 can’t be considered a prognostic factor associated with clinicopathologic parameters.

We report a 22-month-old boy who referred due to nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and watery non-bloody diarrhea and after thorough evaluation, a large defect in the left postero-lateral side of diaphragm and presence of bowel loops, spleen, stomach and left lobe of liver in the left hemi-thorax were detected. So, he was operated and managed with the impression of Bochdalek hernia. We have also reviewed the similar case reports in the past 10 years, briefly, in order to map the presentations and clinical course of cases with Bochdalek hernia which were diagnosed late, for giving physi-cians a better insight on this issue.